RTT Distribution一般如下图:
以上数据来自google.com。注意大于1秒的RTT有大约2.5%。而超时重传的概率有0.8% - 2.4%。
RTO(Retransmission Timeout)操作系统默认如下:
Linux的超时重传默认是3秒,这就意味这,一旦发生丢包,用户的体验将会很不好,因此可以采用强制快速重传技术来进行提速(Spurious SYN/SYN-ACK retransmissions),将超时重传时间强制设定为1秒。但这可能会导致duplicate packets,可以通过修改TS(tcp_sack参数,链路质量良好的情况下一般设0)或DSACK(允许发多个ACK,这里也用设0的方式)等方式来进行改进。
sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_sack=0
sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_dsack=0
sysctl -p
据了解,google的前台服务器TCP重传率为0.8% - 2.4%。SYN-ACK重传率0.6% - 3.8%(未优化的情况)。
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TCP/IP协议 慢启动,快速重传的一些资料:http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2001.html
RFC2988 计算TCP的重发定时器:http://www.itqun.net/content-detail/402763.html
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